Ebe ọ bụ na mmachibido iwu plastik, ihe ndị na-emebi emebi aghọwo ebe ọhụrụ na-ekpo ọkụ, nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ agbasawanye mmepụta, iwu na-arị elu n'otu oge ahụ mekwara ka ebubata akụrụngwa, karịsịa PBAT, PBS na ihe ndị ọzọ na-emebi emebi akpụkpọ anụ n'ime naanị ọnwa 4. ọnụ ahịa rịgoro. Ya mere, ihe PLA nwere ọnụ ahịa kwụsiri ike adọtala uche.
Poly (lactic acid) (PLA), makwaara dị ka poly (lactide), bụ ihe ọhụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi-enyi na enyi ihe polymer nwetara site na mgbanaka-emeghe polymerization nke lactic acid nke a kwadebere site na ọka starch dabeere na ndu, na enwere ike imebi ya kpamkpam ka ọ bụrụ enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi. ngwaahịa njedebe, dị ka CO2 na H2O.
N'ihi uru ya nke ike ọrụ dị elu, nhazi dị mfe, ebe mgbaze dị elu, biodegradability na ezi biocompatibility, ejirila ya mee ihe na ọrụ ugbo, nkwakọ nri, nlekọta ahụike na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. Ahịhịa na-emebi emebi PLA enwetala nlebara anya na afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya.
Na nzaghachi nye iwu mmachibido iwu rọba, a na-eji ahịhịa ahịhịa eme ihe na China. Otú ọ dị, a na-akatọ ahịhịa ahịhịa n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ihi mmetụta ha na-adịghị mma nke iji ya eme ihe. Ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-amalite ịhọrọ ihe PLA gbanwetụrụ iji rụpụta ahịhịa.
Agbanyeghị, ọ bụ ezie na polylactic acid nwere akụrụngwa akụrụngwa nke ọma, elongation ya dị ala na ezumike (na-abụkarị ihe na-erughị 10%) na ike siri ike na-egbochi ngwa ya na ahịhịa.
Ya mere, ike PLA abụrụla isiokwu nyocha na-ekpo ọkụ ugbu a. Ihe na-esonụ bụ ọganihu PLA na-eme nnyocha ugbu a.
Poly-lactic acid (PLA) bụ otu n'ime plastik ndị nwere ike ịka nká karịa. Akụrụngwa ya sitere na eriri osisi a na-emegharịgharị, ọka, ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ ugbo, wdg, ma nwee ezigbo biodegradaability. PLA nwere ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke ọma, dị ka plastik polypropylene, ma nwee ike dochie plastik PP na PET n'akụkụ ụfọdụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, PLA nwere ezigbo gloss, nghọta, mmetụta aka na ụfọdụ ihe antibacterial
Ọnọdụ mmepụta PLA
Ugbu a, PLA nwere ụzọ sịntetik abụọ. Otu bụ polymerisation condensation kpọmkwem, ya bụ, lactic acid na-agbaze ozugbo na condens n'okpuru nnukwu okpomọkụ na obere nrụgide. Usoro mmepụta dị mfe na ọnụ ahịa dị ala, ma ịdị arọ nke molekụla nke ngwaahịa ahụ adịghị mma, na mmetụta ngwa ngwa bara uru adịghị mma.
Nke ọzọ bụ mgbanaka lactide - meghere polymerization, nke bụ ụdị mmepụta ihe bụ isi.
Mmebi nke PLA
PLA kwụsiri ike na ụlọ okpomọkụ, mana ọ na-agbadata n'ụzọ dị mfe na CO2 na mmiri na gburugburu ebe okpomọkụ dị elu, gburugburu acid-base na gburugburu microbial. Ya mere, enwere ike iji ngwaahịa PLA n'enweghị nsogbu n'ime oge nkwado ma mebie ya n'oge mgbe a tụfuru ya site na ịchịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi na mbukota.
Ihe ndị na-emetụta mbibi PLA bụ nke gụnyere ịdị arọ molekụla, steeti kristal, microstructure, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na iru mmiri, uru pH, oge ọkụ na microorganisms gburugburu ebe obibi.
PLA na ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike imetụta ọnụego nbibi.
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, PLA na-agbakwunye ụfọdụ ntụ ọka osisi ma ọ bụ eriri ọka ọka nwere ike ime ka ọnụego mmebi ahụ dịkwuo elu.
arụmọrụ mgbochi PLA
Mkpuchi na-ezo aka n'ikike nke ihe iji gbochie ngafe gas ma ọ bụ ikuku mmiri.
Ihe mgbochi dị oke mkpa maka ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, akpa rọba na-emebi emebi n'ahịa bụ ihe mejupụtara PLA/PBAT.
Njirimara ihe mgbochi nke ihe nkiri PLA emelitere nwere ike gbasaa mpaghara ngwa.
Ihe na-emetụta ihe mgbochi PLA na-agụnyekarị ihe dị n'ime (nhazi molecular na steeti crystallization) na ihe mpụga (okpomọkụ, iru mmiri, ike mpụga).
1. Ihe nkiri PLA na-ekpo ọkụ ga-ebelata ihe mgbochi ya, ya mere PLA adịghị mma maka nkwakọ nri nke chọrọ ikpo ọkụ.
2. Mgbatị PLA n'ụdị ụfọdụ nwere ike ịbawanye ihe mgbochi ahụ.
Mgbe a na-abawanye ụbara nkwụ site na 1 ruo 6.5, kristal nke PLA na-abawanye nke ukwuu, ya mere a na-emeziwanye ihe mgbochi ahụ.
3. Ịgbakwunye ụfọdụ ihe mgbochi (dị ka ụrọ na eriri) na matrix PLA nwere ike imeziwanye ihe mgbochi PLA.
Nke a bụ n'ihi na ihe mgbochi ahụ na-agbatị ụzọ gbagọrọ agbagọ nke usoro mmiri ma ọ bụ gas maka obere ụmụ irighiri ihe.
4. Ngwọta mkpuchi n'elu ihe nkiri PLA nwere ike imezi ihe mgbochi ahụ.
Oge nzipu: 29-10-21